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Legewie, J. (2016). Racial profiling and use of force in police stops: How local events trigger periods of increased discrimination. American Journal of Sociology, 122(2), 379-424.
Racial profiling and the disproportionate use of police force are controversial political issues. I argue that racial bias in the…
Read moreJobard, F., & Lévy, R. (2011). Racial profiling: The Parisian police experience. Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice, 53(1), 87-93.
The controversy over racial profiling in policing that is explored within the pages of the Canadian Journal of Criminology and…
Read moreGelman, A., Fagan, J., & Kiss, A. (2007). An analysis of the New York City police department’s “stop-and-frisk” policy in the context of claims of racial bias. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 102(479), 813-823.
Recent studies by police departments and researchers confirm that police stop racial and ethnic minority citizens more often than whites,…
Read moreGiles, H., Linz, D., Bonilla, D., & Gomez, M. L. (2012). Police stops of and interactions with Latino and White (non-Latino) drivers: Extensive policing and communication accommodation. Communication Monographs, 79(4), 407-427.
Following previous research on traffic stops involving police officers with African American and White drivers, a content analysis of 69…
Read moreFlexon, J. L., Greenleaf, R. G., Dariano, D. S., & Gibson, D. (2016). An examination of police stops and youths’ attitudes toward police: Do interracial encounters matter?. Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice, 14(1), 21-39.
Little is known about how police–youth experiences influence adolescents’ views toward police, particularly when the officer is White and the…
Read moreEpp, C. R., Maynard-Moody, S., & Haider-Markel, D. P. (2014). Pulled over: How police stops define race and citizenship. University of Chicago Press.
In sheer numbers, no form of government control comes close to the police stop. Each year, twelve percent of drivers…
Read moreCarroll, L., & Gonzalez, M. L. (2014). Out of place: Racial stereotypes and the ecology of frisks and searches following traffic stops. Journal of research in crime and delinquency, 51(5), 559-584.
Objectives: Test hypotheses drawn from Smith and Alpert's social conditioning theory that explains biased policing as the result of implicit…
Read moreAriel, B., & Tankebe, J. (2018). Racial stratification and multiple outcomes in police stops and searches. Policing and Society, 28(5), 507-525.
The present study explores ethnic differences in stop-and-search outcomes. It uses data from 53,858 stop-and-search incidents recorded by a United…
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