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Gelman, A., Fagan, J., & Kiss, A. (2007). An analysis of the New York City police department’s “stop-and-frisk” policy in the context of claims of racial bias. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 102(479), 813-823.
Criminology, hierarchical model, multilevel model, police stops, racial bias
Recent studies by police departments and researchers confirm that police stop racial and ethnic minority citizens more often than whites,…
Read moreGau, J. M. (2013). Consent searches as a threat to procedural justice and police legitimacy: An analysis of consent requests during traffic stops. Criminal justice policy review, 24(6), 759-777.
procedural justice, Consent searches, police legitimacy, traffic citations, traffic stops
Consent searches during traffic stops offer police a way to expediently check motorists’ vehicles for contraband. Asking drivers for consent…
Read moreFlexon, J. L., Greenleaf, R. G., Dariano, D. S., & Gibson, D. (2016). An examination of police stops and youths’ attitudes toward police: Do interracial encounters matter?. Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice, 14(1), 21-39.
Attitudes toward police, Black youth, interracial stops, White police
Little is known about how police–youth experiences influence adolescents’ views toward police, particularly when the officer is White and the…
Read moreFagan, J., & Geller, A. (2015). Following the script: Narratives of suspicion in Terry stops in street policing. U. Chi. L. Rev., 82, 51.
None given
Regulation of Terry stops of pedestrians by police requires articulation of the reasonable and individualized bases of suspicion that motivate…
Read moreEngel, R. S. (2005). Citizens’ perceptions of distributive and procedural injustice during traffic stops with police. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 42(4), 445-481.
procedural justice, distributive justice, Injustice, police, racial profiling, traffic stops
This article examines the hypothesis that citizens' perceptions of injustice are based on normative factors (i.e., perceptions of equity and…
Read moreEpp, C. R., Maynard-Moody, S., & Haider-Markel, D. P. (2014). Pulled over: How police stops define race and citizenship. University of Chicago Press.
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In sheer numbers, no form of government control comes close to the police stop. Each year, twelve percent of drivers…
Read moreFagan, J. A., Geller, A., Davies, G. G., & West, V. (2010). Street stops and broken windows revisited: the demography and logic of proactive policing in a safe and changing city In: Rice SK, White MD, editors. Race and ethnicity in policing.
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The contributions of order-maintenance policing and broken windows theory to New York City’s remarkable crime decline have been the subject…
Read moreFallik, S. W., & Novak, K. J. (2012). The decision to search: Is race or ethnicity important?. Journal of contemporary criminal justice, 28(2), 146-165.
police, racial profiling, searches
This manuscript examines police officer decision making during automobile stops to determine whether Black and Hispanic drivers are searched at…
Read moreDixon, D. (2005). Why don’t the police stop crime? Australian And New Zealand Journal Of Criminology, 38(1), 4-24.
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Several answers to the question ‘Why don’t the police stop crime?’ are considered. Police do stop some crime, although increasingly…
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COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) is a funding agency for research and innovation networks. Our Actions help connect research initiatives across Europe and enable scientists to grow their ideas by sharing them with their peers. This boosts their research, career and innovation.
